Implantable contraceptives are one of the most effective and long-lasting methods of birth control. They are small rod-like structures similar to a toothpick, implanted under the skin of a woman’s upper arm. These rods contain the hormone progestin, which is continuously released to prevent pregnancy. There are 2 types:
- 3-year type – Contains a small amount of progestin
- 5-year type – Contains a higher amount of hormone and can prevent pregnancy for a longer period
How implantable contraceptives work
Implantable contraceptives work through 3 main mechanisms to prevent pregnancy:
- Inhibiting ovulation – Prevents the body from releasing eggs from the ovaries, so there are no eggs available for fertilization
- Thickening cervical mucus – Sperm cannot move through the cervix to fertilize the egg
- Thinning the uterine lining – If fertilization occurs, the embryo cannot implant in the uterine cavity
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